David mcfarland



y' @einen 'tntesutcnt @Hire DAVID McFAli-LAND, OF lVRCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 66,098, dated June 25, 1867.

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, That I, DirvID McFARLAND, ofthe city` and county of Worcester, and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Setting Gard-Teeth; and I do hereby declare` that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the sume, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure l represents an isometrical perspective view of so much of a card-setting machine as is necessary to illustrate my improvements.

Figure 2 represents a longitudinal central section through feed-bar D, some of the parts connected with it also being shown in section.

Figure 3 represents @longitudinal central section on line A D, iig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow, same ligure.

Figures 4, 5, and 7 represent sections of detached parts to ne hereafter referred to.

To enable those skilled in the art to which my invention belongs to make and use the same, I will proceed to describe it in detail. v

My present improvements relate, first, to an improved mode of feeding the wire to form the teeth; second, to an improvement inthe construction 4of a part of the .mechanism by which the wire is held and receives its first bind; third, to an improved mode of operating the perfor-ating har; fourth, to an improved mode of feeding the leather; fifth, to an improved device whereby the stopping of the machine is more perfect when a tooth is missed or other derangcments occur.

In the drawings, the part marked A represents the main frame of the machine, upon which the table or platform B is fastened. The main cam-'shaft C-is supported in suitable bearings at the rear end of the machine as indicated in the drawings. The feeding device proper consists of levers D E F and the clamp a. Levers D E F are fulcrumed at the points Z b and Z1 respectively, and receive their motion from the cams G H I respectively. Lever D moves the clump'a back and forth as it is vibrated by its cam G, the front end of lever D being arranged to work between the pins l l, which are plaee'l on the lower part of the clamp a. Clamp a is cornposed of two principal parts, viz, the base or lower part c, and the upper or spring part a. lhe base part c is made to rest on the table piece D, which is grooved or slotted out, as seen at d, to receive the tongue part c,

which projects from the lower part of the base e, (see figs. l and 2.) A stop-block, J, is arranged upon the table B, and through which passes an adjustingscreugf, against which the hase c of clam-p a strikes when in operation. .A curved strap-spring, g, is fastened to the under side of thc stop-block J, and to the lower end of which is fastened or connected one end of a coiled or spiral spring, 7e, the other end of which spring It is fastened to the tongue e, so that the combined action of both springs is to draw thc clamp a back against the end of the adjusting-screwf. By the use of the bow or strap-spring g, thc spiral spring It can be set at an angle to the line of motion ofthe clamp a, and conscquentlyit works much better. Again, by the use of the bow or platespringg the spiral spring. is not as liable to set as it would be if used separately'.

The operation of feeding the wire from the coil in equal and exact lengt-h, to form the card-teeth, by the mechanism above described, is as follows: The end of the wire is passed through hole 2 in stop-block J, and thence through hole 3 in the base of clamp a, and along under a projection, 4, on the end of spring a', and under and between the front end of lever Fand a stationary block on table B. Motion now being imparted to the cam-shaft C, the point 5V of cam I raises the' rear end of. lever F, which forces down the front end of lever F u pon the end of the wire, which rests upon the stationary block or stand directly under the front end of lever F. After thc wire has been clasped by the front end of lever If the rear end of lever E falls intothe depression 6 in cam H, which allows itsfront` end to rise and freethc spring part a of clamp afrom the wire, while the projection "I on the grooved cam G throws the rear end of lever D in, and the front end out, which carries with,

it the clamp a, until the latter strikes the end of the adjustable screwf,which is set so as to prevent all back play of the clamp, but not far enough to cause any strain upon lever D. Just b'efore the motion of lever D isI reversed again the front end of lever E is forced down upon the spring part a of clamp a, thereby holdingl the wire securely in vclamp a,-wl1icl1 moves the` wire with it asit-moves to the position shown in iig. 1. In the mean time the front end of lever F is raised torelcase the wire until it has been fed forward by clump a and levers D ce, oss 2 and E, as above described. The functions of levers D, E, and F, and clamp a, it will be seen, are therefore as follows: Lever D moves clamp a, which, when acted upon by lever E, clasps, holds, and moves the wire with it when being moved in, but leaves thc wire free when moving out, lever F holding the wire in place while clamp ais being returned or moved out to take a new hold of the wire. In some cases when only a moderate speed is desired, and therefore a positive feed not so essential, a simple face-cam can bc used in lieuof the grooved cam G, the combined action of the springs g and-lt being sufficient to withdraw the clamp a and lever D, but when speed is desired it is advisable to use thegroovcd cam G to give a positive motion to lever D, and allow the springs g andh to simply take up any play or looscness of the parts.

It is important in a card-setting machine to have some simple and effective means for adjusting the machine to 'set thc teeth of different lengths, and in my machine I have two different modes of accomplishing it, viz; Lever D is fulcrumed upon pin b, which is screwed into a thimble oLcollar-piecc, in, the small or lower part 'n of which passes throughan oblong hole in the table B, the lower end resting upon the 'washer or cap-piece o upon the under side of the table B. A set-screw, p, is passed through tablei into the oblong hole, as shown in iig, 2, and by means of which the collar m and fulcrum b of lever D can be moved forward, thus making the front or long arm of lever D (that is the length or distance between the fulerum b and the pins 1 1 upon clamp a) shorter or longer, as the case may be, while the rear end can also be shortened or lcngthcncd by loosening screw?! and sliding the rear part D forward or back as desired, the front end of the part D having a slot, 8, for the purpose as fully indicated and shown in (ig. 2. When the collar m and fulcrum-pin or bolt are once properly adjusted they are retained securely in place by means of a wedge, 9, passed through the lower end of the pin or bolt 1),* a nut may be used in lieu ofthe key 9. Screw 21 maybemade sound combined with collar m, that the latter can be drawn back as well as forced forward by the screw. One way in which this canbe effected is' by swiv'elling the front of screw j) in the collar-piece m. It will thus be seen that the throw of lever D can be very accurately adjusted to give any desired length of tooth, and that, too, while pin 10, which works in cam G, is kept in such a position as to be over the centre of shaft C, when lever D is at right angles to said shaft, so that there is no danger of binding or straining of the parts if properly adjusted, even though the machine be run at great speed. Instead of making levervD in two parts it can be made in one piece, and pin 10 fitted in a slot in the lever and provided with a nut, so that it can be adjusted forward or back. From the feeding device the wire is received, after being eut, by the mechanism by which it is bent into staples and inserted into the leather. So much of this device as is necessary to illustrate my present improvements thereon is shown in the drawings, which will now be described. Y

The part marked K is the doubler-plate, which is arranged upon suitable guides supported upon bed-piece L, so that it is free to slide back and forth when acted upon by cam M and spring M', the former throwing it forward and the latter drawing it back. From the rear end of the doubler-plate rises a stand, w, to the top of which is hinged the rear end of the doubler-bar O, the front end of which is slotted to receive the screw-bolt 12, by which it is fastened in a recess in the doubler-'nox O', which projects back from the doubler P. The lower side of the doubler-box O' rests, when down, upon the front projection Q, upon the doubler-plate K. Doublerbar 0 is held down by spring Q'., VThe crowner-b'ar Ris supported in loose bearings in the stands or projections w and Q on the doubler-plate K. It is also encircled by a coiled or spiral .spring a, the rear end of which spring bears against the projection w, while the front of the spring presses against a stud or stop-pin 13, fast on the crowner-bar It. The top of pin or stud 13 is turned to fit a slot in the projection 14 in the stand S on the wing-plate T, which is fitted to slide on top of the doubler-plate K, side guides supported from the bed L keeping it in proper position while it is forced forward by the wing-cam V on shaft- G, and drawn back by a spring similar to the spring M which withdraws the doubler-plate K, (sec fig. The point 15 of the doubler P is slotted .out to receive the tenen on the end of the crowner-bar as indicated in the drawings. The point ofv thc crowncr-bar hasv ahorizontal slit or notch. cut in it, as shown in fig. 3. This slit or notch is for the purpose of holding the wire while it is being doubled or bent into a loop by bcndcrs or wings, which are fastened tothe wing-plate T in the usual manner. They are not shown in the drawings. As the wire is fed forward it passes between the end of the crowner-bar and the point 15 of the doubler, when the narrowcst part 16 of thewing cam V is against the cam-block 17, and as soon as the wire has ceased to move forward the projection 18 on cam V strikes the cam-block 17 and drives forward the wing-plate T a sufficient distance to allow' the crowner-bar It to be moved forward by the action of spring fc upon its stlid 13 until the slotted points of the bar close upon and straddle the wire, which they press against therear of t-he point of the doubler. In iig. 6 tlierclative positions of the crowncr-bar, cam V, and wing-plate T above described are more fully shown. Afterthe point 18 on cam V has passed the cam-block 1T, and thus thrownthe wing-plate forward sufficiently to allow the slotted end ofv the crowner-bar to press the wire aga-inst the point of the doubler P, the wing-plate remains at rest while the part 55 of the cam V is passing the cam-block 1T, which rest to the wing-plate allows the cutting apparatus (not shown in the drawings) time to cut oif a piece of wire long enough to form a tooth, and which piece of wire is held by its centrev between the end of the crowner-bar 1t and the point of the doubler-P, (the ends of the wire projecting at erjual distances on each side of the doubler 1),) until apart of the enlarged part 19-of cam V, acting upon the cam-block 17,forces the wingfplate T with its wings or headers forward, the wings striking the wire on each side of the point of the doubler I, and bending the ends of the wire around the latter in the form of a loop or staple. As soon as the wire is bent into theform of a loop or staple, as above described, cam M strikes the cam-block 20 connected with the doubler-plate K, when both the plat-cs K and T are moved forward together by their cams V and M, carrying with them the doubler-bar, doubler, crowner-bar, and the loop or staple of wire, which is forced into the leather to receive the second bend. -As soon as the ends of the -staples of wire` have been properly forced into the leather the crowner-bar isdrawn back and the doubler is cease 3 raised bysuitahle and wellsknown mechanism, (not shown in the drawings,) and the parts move back to their first positions, and the operation is repeated.

It is often desirable to vary the second bend or hool; in the teeth. Heretofore' this has generally been effected by adjusting the bearings which supported the arbor or pivot ot` the doublerfbar. In lieu of this expensive and complicated arrangement, I malte the doubler and doublcr-bar separately, and hinge the doubler-barA to the standard w, and provide the i'ront end with a slot, so that the doubler can be set forward or back by simply loosening screw 12. ,When the doubler is moved forward thc` second bend is nearer the back of the tooth, whileii` it is moved back the bend is nearer the points of the teeth. vAs the doubler-box Of is made with a slotor recess just wide `enough to receive the end of thc doubleiwbar, the connection is very secure and firm, while the adjustment can bcea'sily made. From the roar of the machine projects a stand, U, to which 'is hinged the upright piece U', tothe top of which is hinged the lient or upright arm W7 of' the perforating lever W, the front end of which is provided with the' needles Q1 by which the loles in the leather are made. The front end ci' the perforating lever Wrests upon a cam, X, which is pivoted to arm X fastened to the underside of the main frame. lrom the side of cam X projects a pin, 22, which enters the slot 23 in the lever fulciunned to a projection on the under side of the main frame, as fully shown in dotted lilies, iig. 3. The rear end ot` lever Y extends back under cam 25 on shaft C, and is connected to one ofthe shafts'bcaring posts,.by a spiral spring,A

24, which keeps the rear end of the lever Y up close against the cam 25J To the right-hand side of the stand U is rigidly fastened the piece 26, which ex tends under shaft C, and is provided with an upright eam'bloclt, 27, which is acted upon by canili on shaft C. The performing-har'or pricker," as it is sometimes called,-requires two motions, that is, it must he raised and lowered, and also hare a buck and forth motion. It must bo raised to bring the points 21 into the proper position or elevation, and then forced forward in a horizontal position to perforatc thc leather, or malte the holes into which the prongs of the loop are to be forced by the mechanism above described, bei'orc the second bend is given. The pcrforating-bar must also be withdrawn and lowered, however, before the blank tooth or staple is carried forward. This compound motion of bar W has heretofore been lgenerally obtained by means of inclined sui-faces, that is, thc under side of the bar has been made with an inclined plane or in wedge form, which came in contac-twith a similar stationary piece, the inclines being sufliciently long to elevate the end of the bor to the proper height before it commences .to pei-forato the leather. There are many serions objections to this mode of operating the performing-bar. YIn'the irst place the :rapid motion of the bar causes the latter to strike the stationary incline with a sudden force, which occasions much friction and imparts a trernulons motion,V not only to the bar itself, but to some of the other working parts of the machine, and thus tends greatly to render the working of the machine irregular and imperfect, all of which objections are obvia-ted by my improvements. The bar is raised in my machine by the partial revolution ofthe cam X, which is produced at the proper time by cam 25 depressingr the rear end of lever Y, which cause-s the front end of said lever to rise, carrying with it pin 22 which plays in its slotted end, and consequently causes cam X to revolve and elevate the pcrforating-bar to the proper height, when com A strikes against the: cam projection 2T on the front of arm 26, and forces that forward together with arm U and the perforating-bar W,

as indicated in red lines, iig. 7,-in which `ligure the cam X and lever Y are represent-cd on the front side of bel' W in order to show the opera-tion more fully, and they can be arranged to work en the front side, as shown in fig. 7, aswell as upon the back side, as shown in iig. 3.

It will thus be seen that I obtain the up-and-down and backend-forth motions of` bar W in a very simple and yet effective manner. The perorating-lmrlW may be held down to cam X by a spiral or other spring. When the ends of the loopor'staple are inserted in the leather they pass over arest and into metal eyes 310, by which they receive the second bend. These eyes are formed in fingers 31 which are attached to lever-arms B fastened to the crosslpieoe or rocket-d3, which is journalled to turn'in the stands B B. Only one leverarm B', finger, and eye are shown in the drawings. At-the proper time and by well-known mechanism the rocker or piece B is caused toturnso as to depress the lever-arms B', and their fingers 31 sufficiently to give'tho second bend to the teeth, after which the teeth slip from the eyes. The leather is fed forward, and the parts return again to the proper position and the operation is repeated. For the purpose of stopping the machine when a tooth has been missed, or when one has been improperly bent or inserted, stop-lever D is pivoted to a projection on lever-arm B', and is provided with an arm, D, which carries on its cxtreme iront end a bent f'eeler, 32, which strikes against the under sido of the teeth, it' they have been properly inserted when the lever arm B is depressed, but it'A a tooth has been missed the feeler rises so high that the lower end of stop-lever D strikes upon the hingedarm E and deprcsscs it, thereby throwing oiva spring-shipper which stops the machine. The springs that regulate thc throw ofthe feelers and their arms have-to be very delicate to prevent the feelors from bending the ends of the teeth. When, however, the machine is in operation, itY is found that thin: feeler is liable to tremble so much that in some cases it stops the machine when a tooth has not been missed, and in other eases fails to stop ituwhcn a tooth has been missed. To obviate these objections I arrange a stop-guard, Ff, against whiclrthe curved end ofstop-lcver D strikes, when the feeler risesto the proper elevation to indicate whether a tooth has beep properly inserted or not, the effect upon thc feclcr and its arm being to stop their vibrations and thus render their action more certain, while at the same timea'llowing of' the use ot` a. very delicate spring to govern the action of the feeler upon the teeth.' Arm B is drawn back by a coiled spring, H, and is forced down to give the second bend atthe proper time `by the well-known and ordinary mechanism, but which is not shown in thedrawings. After each row of' teeth has been set the leather-carriage must be moved sulliciently to bring the leather into proper position to receive the next row of teeth. This is accomplished by means of' shaft 40, ratchet-wheel 41, dogs 42 and 413, and the doble inclined grooved cam 44. At the comple tion `of cach row of teeth the double inclined cam 44 is moved to the right or left, as the case may be, suiliciently fait to raise cach dog alternately, so that its lower point will slip into the groove e in the top of the cam 44.

By allowing the points of' the dogs to slip into the noi-ch or groove c the ratchet-wheel is allowed to rest upon the stationary dog 45. 'ihe arrangement insures an easy and perfect feed, and that, too, with a short throw oi' the cam 44, which is very desirable, since it is not convenient to communicate the motion to the cam, as the machines are usually made, if the horizontal throw of the com is required to be much over a quarter of anfinch, and hence with a single dog the sides of the cam have to be inclined very much, thus making its action abrupt and hard; all of which. diiiculties are'obviated by my improvements, since, by the use ot" two dogs, arranged to operate in combination with the double inclined cam 44, as described, the motions of the dogs are nearly if not quite forty per cent. slower than the motion of the single-feed dog heretofore used, while the inclination of the' cam can be less'by onehulf thanv by the common plan. The dogs 42 and 43 are supported in a case or box 45, and :1re held down to the cam 44 by spiral springs 47. i

In the drawings the point of the performing-bar, thc eye for making the second bend, and the doubler, are not shown in that proximity to each other which they occupy in the machine when arranged for use. They are shown separated somewhat in the drawings for the purpose of illustrating the particular' parts of the machine to which my improvements relate more clearly, and only so much of the entire card-setting machine has been shown as was necessary to illustrate my improvements. As it regards the feed-bar D, much time and money have been devoted to devising and trying to produce the important results attained by my improvements in reference thereto. In the old machine the bar was hungon a swivel or universal joint, and was made to turn sufficient to clamp the wire. This arrangement is found very expensive in the first instance, and, besides, is constantly liable to get out of order. To remedy the defects in this a plan was devised of using a bent or rightungled lever, which was attached 'to an upright journal arranged to operate at the rear end of thc main frame,

'but this too has ynoved uite as obiectionable as the lan which it was desicned to su iersede. If ret`erred 1 a .l q v P c l l lin any -casc the auxiliary spring 5f), iig. 8, may be fastened to the top of stop-block J, so as to project in over the clamp a to bear down upon spring e', to canse the latter to clasp and hold the wire while it is begin fed forwfird; lever E operatin,r upon thctop of /springar 50 instead of directly upon spring a', as before described.

Having described my improved card-scttin-g machine, what I claim therein as new and of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with the clamp which feeds the wire of the following mechanisms, viz, the lever I), whether adjustable or not, arranged to operate between the clamp and the operating cam, so as to give the clamp its lateral motion, and a separate and independent clamping-lever or device for actuating the clamp to hold and feed the wire, substantially as set forth.

2. 'lho combination of the feed-lever D, spring clamping-lever E, and wire-holding lever F with the clamp a, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with lever D, of the fulcrum-pin or stud b, collar Am, and adjustingscrewp, or equivalent mca-ns for making the coll; r adjustable, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a machine, such as described, I claim the construction and arrangement of the lever for producing the feed, substantially as described. K Y

5. 'lhe combination of the doubler-plate K and crewner-bar R with the doubler P and doubler-bar O, made adjustable as and for thc purposes set forth.

6. The combination, with the wing-plate T, crowncr-bar It,-and cam-block 17, of the compound or threefunctioned cam V, all constructed and operating in relation to one another and to the doubler-plate K, substantially as and for thc purposes set forth.

7. The combination, with the clamp a, of the bow orlplate-spring q and spiral spring L, arranged for joint operation, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. The combination with the perfo ating bar of the mechanism for operating the same, arranged as herein described, so that the said bar may be elevated before its forward motion is imparted, for the purposes stated.

9. The combination, with the upright dog-S42 and 43, and double inclined and grooved cam 44, of the holding-box 4G,- substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

10. The combination, with the ratchet-wheel 41, of the retaining-dog 45, feedingdogs 42 and 43, double inclined and grooved cam 44, and holding-box 46, arranged for joint operation substantially as and for the `purposes set forth.

11. The combination, with the stop-lever D, of the stop-guard F', substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

DAVID McFARLAND.

Witnesses:

Tues. H. DODGE,

C. JILLsoN. 

